| Introduction |
Bahamas, The |
|
Background: |
Lucayan Indians inhabited the islands
when Christopher COLUMBUS first set foot in the New World on San Salvador in
1492. British settlement of the islands began in 1647; the islands became a
colony in 1783. Since attaining independence from the UK in 1973, The Bahamas
have prospered through tourism and international banking and investment
management. Because of its geography, the country is a major transshipment point
for illegal drugs, particularly shipments to the US and Europe, and its
territory is used for smuggling illegal migrants into the US.
|
|
Location: |
Caribbean, chain of islands in the
North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Florida, northeast of Cuba |
|
Geographic coordinates: |
24 15 N, 76 00 W |
|
Map references: |
Central America and the Caribbean
|
|
Area: |
total: 13,940 sq km
land: 10,070 sq km
water: 3,870 sq km |
|
Area - comparative: |
slightly smaller than Connecticut
|
|
Land boundaries: |
0 km |
|
Coastline: |
3,542 km |
|
Maritime claims: |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
|
Climate: |
tropical marine; moderated by warm
waters of Gulf Stream |
|
Terrain: |
long, flat coral formations with some
low rounded hills |
|
Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0
m
highest point: Mount Alvernia, on Cat Island 63 m |
|
Natural resources: |
salt, aragonite, timber, arable land
|
|
Land use: |
arable land: 0.58%
permanent crops: 0.29%
other: 99.13% (2005) |
|
Irrigated land: |
10 sq km (2003) |
|
Total renewable water resources: |
NA |
|
Natural hazards: |
hurricanes and other tropical storms
cause extensive flood and wind damage |
|
Environment - current issues: |
coral reef decay; solid waste
disposal |
|
Environment - international agreements: |
party to: Biodiversity,
Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered
Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected
agreements |
|
Geography - note: |
strategic location adjacent to US and
Cuba; extensive island chain of which 30 are inhabited |
|
Population: |
307,451
note: estimates
for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality
due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality,
higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the
distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2008 est.) |
|
Age structure: |
0-14 years: 26.4% (male
40,608/female 40,506)
15-64 years: 66.9% (male 101,150/female
104,457)
65 years and over: 6.7% (male 8,472/female 12,258) (2008
est.) |
|
Median age: |
total: 28.4 years
male: 27.6 years
female: 29.2 years (2008 est.) |
|
Population growth rate: |
0.57% (2008 est.) |
|
Birth rate: |
17.06 births/1,000 population (2008
est.) |
|
Death rate: |
9.22 deaths/1,000 population (2008
est.) |
|
Net migration rate: |
-2.14 migrant(s)/1,000 population
(2008 est.) |
|
Sex ratio: |
at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.97
male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female
total
population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.) |
|
Infant mortality rate: |
total: 23.67 deaths/1,000 live
births
male: 28.89 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 18.34
deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.) |
|
Life expectancy at birth: |
total population: 65.72 years
male: 62.5 years
female: 69 years (2008 est.) |
|
Total fertility rate: |
2.13 children born/woman (2008 est.)
|
|
Nationality: |
noun: Bahamian(s)
adjective: Bahamian |
|
Ethnic groups: |
black 85%, white 12%, Asian and
Hispanic 3% |
|
Religions: |
Baptist 35.4%, Anglican 15.1%, Roman
Catholic 13.5%, Pentecostal 8.1%, Church of God 4.8%, Methodist 4.2%, other
Christian 15.2%, none or unspecified 2.9%, other 0.8% (2000 census) |
|
Languages: |
English (official), Creole (among
Haitian immigrants) |
|
Literacy: |
definition: age 15 and over
can read and write
total population: 95.6%
male: 94.7%
female: 96.5% (2003 est.) |
|
Country name: |
conventional long form:
Commonwealth of The Bahamas
conventional short form: The Bahamas
|
|
Government type: |
constitutional parliamentary
democracy |
|
Capital: |
name: Nassau
geographic
coordinates: 25 05 N, 77 21 W
time difference: UTC-5 (same time
as Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr,
begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November |
|
Administrative divisions: |
21 districts; Acklins and Crooked
Islands, Bimini, Cat Island, Exuma, Freeport, Fresh Creek, Governor's Harbour,
Green Turtle Cay, Harbour Island, High Rock, Inagua, Kemps Bay, Long Island,
Marsh Harbour, Mayaguana, New Providence, Nichollstown and Berry Islands, Ragged
Island, Rock Sound, Sandy Point, San Salvador and Rum Cay |
|
Independence: |
10 July 1973 (from UK) |
|
National holiday: |
Independence Day, 10 July (1973)
|
|
Constitution: |
10 July 1973 |
|
Legal system: |
based on English common law
|
|
Suffrage: |
18 years of age; universal |
|
Executive branch: |
chief of state: Queen
ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Arthur D.
HANNA (since 1 February 2006)
head of government: Prime Minister
Hubert A. INGRAHAM (since 4 May 2007)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by
the governor general on the prime minister's recommendation
elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by
the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party
or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by
the governor general; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister
|
|
Legislative branch: |
bicameral Parliament consists of the
Senate (16 seats; members appointed by the governor general upon the advice of
the prime minister and the opposition leader to serve five-year terms) and the
House of Assembly (41 seats; members elected by direct popular vote to serve
five-year terms); the government may dissolve the Parliament and call elections
at any time
elections: last held 2 May 2007 (next to be held by May
2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - FNM 49.86%, PLP
47.02%; seats by party - FNM 23, PLP 18 |
|
Judicial branch: |
Privy Council in London; Courts of
Appeal; Supreme (lower) Court; Magistrates' Courts |
|
Political parties and leaders: |
Free National Movement or FNM [Hubert
INGRAHAM]; Progressive Liberal Party or PLP [Perry CHRISTIE] |
|
Political pressure groups and leaders: |
NA |
|
International organization participation: |
ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77,
IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO,
IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITSO, ITU, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW
(signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
(observer) |
|
Diplomatic representation in the US: |
chief of mission: Ambassador
Cornelius A. SMITH
chancery: 2220 Massachusetts Avenue NW,
Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 319-2660
FAX:
[1] (202) 319-2668
consulate(s) general: Miami, New York |
|
Diplomatic representation from the US: |
chief of mission: Ambassador
Ned L. SIEGEL
embassy: 42 Queen Street, Nassau
mailing
address: local or express mail address: P. O. Box N-8197, Nassau; US
Department of State, 3370 Nassau Place, Washington, DC 20521-3370
telephone: [1] (242) 322-1181, 356-3229 (after hours)
FAX:
[1] (242) 356-0222 |
|
Flag description: |
three equal horizontal bands of
aquamarine (top), gold, and aquamarine, with a black equilateral triangle based
on the hoist side |
|
Economy - overview: |
The Bahamas is one of the wealthiest
Caribbean countries with an economy heavily dependent on tourism and offshore
banking. Tourism together with tourism-driven construction and manufacturing
accounts for approximately 60% of GDP and directly or indirectly employs half of
the archipelago's labor force. Steady growth in tourism receipts and a boom in
construction of new hotels, resorts, and residences had led to solid GDP growth
in recent years, but tourist arrivals have been on the decline since 2006.
Financial services constitute the second-most important sector of the Bahamian
economy and, when combined with business services, account for about 36% of GDP.
However, since December 2000, when the government enacted new regulations on the
financial sector, many international businesses have left The Bahamas.
Manufacturing and agriculture combined contribute approximately a tenth of GDP
and show little growth, despite government incentives aimed at those sectors.
Overall growth prospects in the short run rest heavily on the fortunes of the
tourism sector. Tourism, in turn, depends on growth in the US, the source of
more than 80% of the visitors. |
|
GDP (purchasing power parity): |
$8.332 billion (2007 est.) |
|
GDP (official exchange rate): |
$6.586 billion (2007 est.) |
|
GDP - real growth rate: |
3.1% (2007 est.) |
|
GDP - per capita (PPP): |
$25,000 (2007 est.) |
|
GDP - composition by sector: |
agriculture: 3%
industry: 7%
services: 90% (2001 est.) |
|
Labor force: |
181,900 (2006) |
|
Labor force - by occupation: |
agriculture 5%, industry 5%, tourism
50%, other services 40% (2005 est.) |
|
Unemployment rate: |
7.6% (2006 est.) |
|
Population below poverty line: |
9.3% (2004) |
|
Household income or consumption by percentage share: |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest
10%: 27% (2000) |
|
Inflation rate (consumer prices): |
2.4% (2007 est.) |
|
Budget: |
revenues: $1.03 billion
expenditures: $1.03 billion (FY04/05) |
|
Agriculture - products: |
citrus, vegetables; poultry
|
|
Industries: |
tourism, banking, cement, oil
transshipment, salt, rum, aragonite, pharmaceuticals, spiral-welded steel pipe
|
|
Industrial production growth rate: |
NA% |
|
Electricity - production: |
1.894 billion kWh (2005) |
|
Electricity - production by source: |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (2001)
|
|
Electricity - consumption: |
1.762 billion kWh (2005) |
|
Electricity - exports: |
0 kWh (2005) |
|
Electricity - imports: |
0 kWh (2005) |
|
Oil - production: |
0 bbl/day (2005) |
|
Oil - consumption: |
26,000 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
|
Oil - exports: |
transshipments of 41,290 bbl/day
(2004) |
|
Oil - imports: |
68,250 bbl/day (2004) |
|
Oil - proved reserves: |
0 bbl (1 January 2006 est.)
|
|
Natural gas - production: |
0 cu m (2005 est.) |
|
Natural gas - consumption: |
0 cu m (2005 est.) |
|
Natural gas - exports: |
0 cu m (2005 est.) |
|
Natural gas - imports: |
0 cu m (2005) |
|
Natural gas - proved reserves: |
0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
|
|
Current account balance: |
-$1.442 billion (2007 est.)
|
|
Exports: |
$674 million (2006) |
|
Exports - commodities: |
mineral products and salt, animal
products, rum, chemicals, fruit and vegetables |
|
Exports - partners: |
Spain 22.8%, US 20.2%, Poland 13.8%,
Germany 11.2%, UK 5.8%, Guatemala 5% (2006) |
|
Imports: |
$2.401 billion (2006) |
|
Imports - commodities: |
machinery and transport equipment,
manufactures, chemicals, mineral fuels; food and live animals |
|
Imports - partners: |
US 24.7%, Brazil 15.7%, Japan 13.1%,
South Korea 7.8%, Spain 6.2% (2006) |
|
Economic aid - recipient: |
$4.78 million (2004) |
|
Debt - external: |
$342.6 million (2004 est.) |
|
Market value of publicly traded shares: |
$NA |
|
Currency (code): |
Bahamian dollar (BSD) |
|
Currency code: |
BSD |
|
Exchange rates: |
Bahamian dollars per US dollar - 1
(2007), 1 (2006), 1 (2005), 1 (2004), 1 (2003) |
|
Fiscal year: |
1 July - 30 June
|
| Communications |
Bahamas, The |
|
Telephones - main lines in use: |
133,100 (2005) |
|
Telephones - mobile cellular: |
227,800 (2005) |
|
Telephone system: |
general assessment: modern
facilities
domestic: totally automatic system; highly developed; the
Bahamas Domestic Submarine Network links 14 of the islands and is designed to
satisfy increasing demand for voice and broadband internet services
international: country code - 1-242; landing point for the Americas
Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1) fiber-optic submarine cable that provides
links to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US;
satellite earth stations - 2 (2007) |
|
Radio broadcast stations: |
AM 3, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2006)
|
|
Radios: |
215,000 (1997) |
|
Television broadcast stations: |
2 (2006) |
|
Televisions: |
67,000 (1997) |
|
Internet country code: |
.bs |
|
Internet hosts: |
248 (2007) |
|
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): |
19 (2000) |
|
Internet users: |
103,000 (2005) |
| Transportation |
Bahamas, The |
|
Airports: |
62 (2007) |
|
Airports - with paved runways: |
total: 24
over 3,047
m: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 3
1,524 to 2,437 m: 12
914 to 1,523 m: 7 (2007) |
|
Airports - with unpaved runways: |
total: 38
1,524 to
2,437 m: 5
914 to 1,523 m: 11
under 914 m: 22 (2007)
|
|
Heliports: |
1 (2007) |
|
Roadways: |
total: 2,693 km
paved: 1,546 km
unpaved: 1,147 km (2000) |
|
Merchant marine: |
total: 1,213 ships (1000 GRT
or over) 40,403,455 GRT/54,276,183 DWT
by type: barge carrier 1, bulk
carrier 225, cargo 240, chemical tanker 84, combination ore/oil 13, container
72, liquefied gas 49, livestock carrier 2, passenger 117, passenger/cargo 34,
petroleum tanker 196, refrigerated cargo 118, roll on/roll off 18, specialized
tanker 4, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 39
foreign-owned:
1,134 (Angola 6, Australia 3, Belgium 15, Bermuda 12, Brazil 1, Canada 13, China
9, Croatia 1, Cuba 1, Cyprus 20, Denmark 66, Finland 8, France 43, Germany 40,
Greece 214, Hong Kong 3, Iceland 1, Indonesia 3, Ireland 2, Italy 1, Japan 62,
Jordan 2, Kenya 1, Malaysia 11, Monaco 11, Montenegro 2, Netherlands 24, Nigeria
2, Norway 232, Philippines 1, Poland 15, Russia 5, Saudi Arabia 15, Singapore 9,
Slovenia 1, South Africa 1, Spain 11, Sweden 5, Switzerland 2, Taiwan 1,
Thailand 1, Trinidad and Tobago 1, Turkey 5, UAE 20, UK 68, US 162, Uruguay 1,
Venezuela 1)
registered in other countries: 3 (Barbados 1, Panama 2)
(2007) |
|
Ports and terminals: |
Freeport, Nassau, South Riding Point
|
|
Military branches: |
Royal Bahamian Defense Force: Land
Force, Navy, Air Wing (2007) |
|
Military service age and obligation: |
18 years of age (est.); no
conscription (2008) |
|
Manpower available for military service: |
males age 16-49: 80,200 (2008
est.) |
|
Manpower fit for military service: |
males age 16-49: 50,282 (2008
est.) |
|
Manpower reaching militarily significant age
annually: |
males age 16-49: 3,016 (2008
est.) |
|
Military expenditures - percent of GDP: |
0.5% (2006) |
| Transnational Issues |
Bahamas, The |
|
Disputes - international: |
disagrees with the US on the
alignment of a potential maritime boundary; continues to monitor and interdict
drug dealers and Haitian refugees in Bahamian waters |
|
This page was last updated on 10 June, 2008 | |
