 |
Andorra Reference Map and Information
Note -- This Andorra reference map and supplemental information have been modified and reformatted from the CIA World Factbook -- available in the public domain.
|
|
Background:
|
For
715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique
co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward,
the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993,
this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state
retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary
democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved
considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist
industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the
thriving economy with its lack of income taxes. |
|
Location:
|
Southwestern
Europe, between France and Spain |
|
Geographic coordinates:
|
42
30 N, 1 30 E |
|
Map references:
|
Europe
|
|
Area:
|
total:
468 sq km
land: 468 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
|
Area - comparative:
|
2.5
times the size of Washington, DC |
|
Land boundaries:
|
total:
120.3 km
border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7
km |
|
Coastline:
|
0
km (landlocked) |
|
Maritime claims:
|
none
(landlocked) |
|
Climate:
|
temperate;
snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers |
|
Terrain:
|
rugged
mountains dissected by narrow valleys |
|
Elevation extremes:
|
lowest
point: Riu Runer 840 m
highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m |
|
Natural resources:
|
hydropower,
mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead |
|
Land use:
|
arable
land: 2.13%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 97.87% (2005) |
|
Irrigated land:
|
NA
|
|
Natural hazards:
|
avalanches
|
|
Environment - current issues:
|
deforestation;
overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air
pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal |
|
Environment - international
agreements:
|
party
to: Biodiversity, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected
agreements |
|
Geography - note:
|
landlocked;
straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees |
|
Population:
|
71,822
(July 2007 est.) |
|
Age structure:
|
0-14
years: 14.5% (male 5,433/female 4,984)
15-64 years: 71.2% (male 26,775/female 24,354)
65 years and over: 14.3% (male 5,074/female
5,202) (2007 est.) |
|
Median age:
|
total:
41.5 years
male: 41.8 years
female: 41.3 years (2007 est.) |
|
Population growth rate:
|
0.842%
(2007 est.) |
|
Birth rate:
|
8.45
births/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
|
Death rate:
|
6.45
deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
|
Net migration rate:
|
6.42
migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
|
Sex ratio:
|
at
birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.09 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.099 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.975 male(s)/female
total population: 1.079 male(s)/female (2007
est.) |
|
Life expectancy at birth:
|
total
population: 83.52 years
male: 80.62 years
female: 86.62 years (2007 est.) |
|
Total fertility rate:
|
1.31
children born/woman (2007 est.) |
|
Nationality:
|
noun:
Andorran(s)
adjective: Andorran |
|
Ethnic groups:
|
Spanish
43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998) |
|
Religions:
|
Roman
Catholic (predominant) |
|
Languages:
|
Catalan
(official), French, Castilian, Portuguese |
|
Literacy:
|
definition:
NA
total population: 100%
male: 100%
female: 100% |
|
Country name:
|
conventional
long form: Principality of Andorra
conventional short form: Andorra
local long form: Principat d'Andorra
local short form: Andorra |
|
Government type:
|
parliamentary
democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its chiefs of state a
coprincipality; the two princes are the president of France and bishop
of Seo de Urgel, Spain, who are represented locally by coprinces'
representatives |
|
Capital:
|
name:
Andorra la Vella
geographic coordinates: 42 30 N, 1 31 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of
Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday
in March; ends last Sunday in October |
|
Administrative divisions:
|
7
parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo,
Encamp, Escaldes-Engordany, La Massana, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria |
|
Independence:
|
1278
(formed under the joint suzerainty of the French Count of Foix and the
Spanish Bishop of Urgel) |
|
National holiday:
|
Our
Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278) |
|
Constitution:
|
Andorra's
first written constitution was drafted in 1991, approved by referendum
14 March 1993, effective 28 April 1993 |
|
Legal system:
|
based
on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative
acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
|
Suffrage:
|
18
years of age; universal |
|
Executive branch:
|
chief
of state: French Coprince Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May
2007); represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26 July 2002) and Spanish
Coprince Bishop Joan Enric VIVES i SICILIA (since 12 May 2003);
represented by Nemesi MARQUES i OSTE (since 30 July 2003)
head of government: Executive Council
President Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA (since 27 May 2005)
cabinet: Executive Council or Govern
designated by the Executive Council president
elections: Executive Council president elected
by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a
four-year term; election last held 24 April 2005 (next to be held in
April-May 2009)
election results: Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA
elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote -
NA |
|
Legislative branch:
|
unicameral
General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28
seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single
national constituency and 14 to represent each of the seven parishes;
to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 24 April 2005 (next to
be held in March-April 2009)
election results: percent of vote by party -
PLA 41.2%, PS 38.1%, CDA-S21 11%, other 9.7%; seats by party - PLA 14,
PS 12, CDA-S21 2 |
|
Judicial branch:
|
Tribunal
of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de
Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de
Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de
la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional
Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional |
|
Political parties and leaders:
|
Andorran
Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic Party or PD);
Century 21 or S21 [Enric TARRADO]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA
[Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA] (formerly Liberal Union or UL); Social
Democratic Party or PS [Jaume BARTUMEU CASSANY] (formerly part of
National Democratic Group or AND) |
|
Political pressure groups and
leaders:
|
NA
|
|
International organization
participation:
|
CE,
ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN,
UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer) |
|
Diplomatic representation in the
US:
|
chief
of mission: Ambassador (vacant)
chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor,
New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064
FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630 |
|
Diplomatic representation from
the US:
|
the
US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is
accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the
Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo
Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34]
(3) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (3) 205-5206 |
|
Flag description:
|
three
equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the
national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms
features a quartered shield
note: similar to the flags of Chad and
Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and
the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem |
|
Economy - overview:
|
Tourism,
the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for more
than 80% of GDP. An estimated 11.6 million tourists visit annually,
attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter
resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the
economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up,
providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking
sector, with its partial "tax haven" status, also contributes
substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only
2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The
principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output
consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a
member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade
in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for
agricultural products. |
|
GDP (purchasing power parity):
|
$2.77
billion (2005) |
|
GDP (official exchange rate):
|
$NA
|
|
GDP - real growth rate:
|
3.5%
(2005 est.) |
|
GDP - per capita (PPP):
|
$38,800
(2005) |
|
GDP - composition by sector:
|
agriculture:
NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA% |
|
Labor force:
|
42,420
(2005) |
|
Labor force - by occupation:
|
agriculture:
0.3%
industry: 20.3%
services: 79.4% (2005) |
|
Unemployment rate:
|
0%
(1996 est.) |
|
Population below poverty line:
|
NA%
|
|
Household income or consumption
by percentage share:
|
lowest
10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
|
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|
3.2%
(2005) |
|
Budget:
|
revenues:
$333.5 million
expenditures: $386.6 million (2005) |
|
Agriculture - products:
|
small
quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep |
|
Industries:
|
tourism
(particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking, tobacco,
furniture |
|
Industrial production growth rate:
|
NA%
|
|
Electricity - production:
|
NA
kWh |
|
Electricity - production by
source:
|
NA
|
|
Electricity - consumption:
|
NA
kWh |
|
Electricity - exports:
|
NA
kWh |
|
Electricity - imports:
|
NA
kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra
generates a small amount of hydropower |
|
Exports:
|
$148.7
million f.o.b. (2005) |
|
Exports - commodities:
|
tobacco
products, furniture |
|
Exports - partners:
|
Spain
59.5%, France 17.0% (2006) |
|
Imports:
|
$1.879
billion (2005) |
|
Imports - commodities:
|
consumer
goods, food, electricity |
|
Imports - partners:
|
Spain
53.2%, France 21.1% (2006) |
|
Economic aid - recipient:
|
$0
|
|
Debt - external:
|
$NA
|
|
Currency (code):
|
euro
(EUR) |
|
Currency code:
|
EUR
|
|
Exchange rates:
|
euros
per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054
(2004), 0.886 (2003) |
|
Fiscal year:
|
calendar
year |
|
Telephones - main lines in use:
|
35,400
(2005) |
|
Telephones - mobile cellular:
|
64,600
(2005) |
|
Telephone system:
|
general
assessment: NA
domestic: modern system with microwave radio
relay connections between exchanges
international: country code - 376; landline
circuits to France and Spain |
|
Radio broadcast stations:
|
AM
0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998) |
|
Radios:
|
16,000
(1997) |
|
Television broadcast stations:
|
0
(1997) |
|
Televisions:
|
27,000
(1997) |
|
Internet country code:
|
.ad
|
|
Internet hosts:
|
15,486
(2007) |
|
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
|
1
(2000) |
|
Internet users:
|
23,200
(2006) |
|
Roadways:
|
total:
269 km
paved: 198 km
unpaved: 71 km |
|
Military branches:
|
no
regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra |
|
Manpower available for military
service:
|
males
age 18-49: 18,418 (2005 est.) |
|
Manpower fit for military service:
|
males
age 18-49: 14,721 (2005 est.) |
|
Manpower reaching military
service age annually:
|
males
age 18-49: 369 (2005 est.) |
|
Military - note:
|
defense
is the responsibility of France and Spain |
| Transnational Issues |
Andorra |
|
Disputes - international:
|
none
|
|
This page was last
updated on 12 February, 2008
|
| |
